Mondo Knows Facts
Bessemer process made steel cheap enough to build with
Blowing air through molten iron burned out impurities in minutes Henry Bessemer patented his converter in 1856, blowing air through molten pig iron to burn off carbon and silicon. Earlier steel was costly and made in small batches, so it went into cutlery and swords rather than bridges. Cheap steel soon went into rails, ships, boilers and tall buildings. It sits in Mondo's history collection, one of 200 facts that each trace back to the reference below.
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Facts that can change over time are reviewed and updated. If something here looks wrong, Mondo would rather know than be confidently incorrect.
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More facts like this
Cai Lun standardized paper making in Han ChinaCourt official Cai Lun created lightweight writing material from plant fibres around 105 CEGunpowder was invented by Chinese alchemists during the Tang DynastyDaoist experiments with saltpetre and sulphur led to explosive formulas in the 9th centurySpectacles appeared in Italy in the late thirteenth centuryA Florentine sermon from 1306 mentions lenses made only recentlyThe Forth Bridge is a pair of giant cantileversEach of its two main spans measures 521 metres, carried on steel tubes up to 4 metres in diameterThe Bessemer converter blew air through molten ironBlasting air through the melt burned out carbon in minutes instead of the days a puddling furnace neededStainless steel cutlery contains chromium to resist rust corrosionChromium forms an invisible protective oxide layer across steel forks and knives
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Tags: steel, manufacturing, invention
Bessemer process made steel cheap enough to build with: the short answers
- Where does this come from, and can I check it?
- Blowing air through molten iron burned out impurities in minutes. The figure is taken from Science Museum, London, which is linked in full on this page. Every fact on Mondo Knows names its source rather than repeating an unsourced claim.
- Is this really a history fact?
- Yes. It sits on the History shelf, one of 2,600 sourced facts grouped into space, animals, the human body, history, science and more. Category pages collect every fact in the same field.
- What else can I read about it?
- The links under the fact point to a quiz, game, puzzle or calculator on the same subject, and the shelf below shows related facts. The wording here is original, and quoted phrases are marked as quotations.